PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times late to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.